The English government has announced a new strategy aimed at completely eradicating bovine tuberculosis (bTB) by 2038. The main tools in fighting the disease will be vaccination of livestock and badgers, which are considered carriers of the infection. This decision marks a departure from the previous policy, under which mass badger culling was carried out to contain the spread of the disease. According to the authorities, 2026 will be the first year in over a decade when badger culling for tuberculosis will not be conducted at all. This change reflects a shift in government policy from controlling wild animal populations to preventive vaccination as a more humane and, as specialists believe, more effective long-term method. Bovine tuberculosis has long been a serious problem for British agriculture, inflicting significant economic damage on farms due to the need to destroy infected cattle and the introduction of restrictions on animal movement. Badger culling has sparked fierce debate among animal welfare advocates, scientists, and representatives of the agricultural sector for many years: some pointed to scientific evidence of badgers' role in spreading the infection, while others insisted on the inhumanity and insufficient evidence of the effectiveness of such measures. The new strategy involves the development and implementation of effective vaccines for both livestock and badgers, which will require significant investment in scientific research and the veterinary control system. The authorities expect that the transition to vaccination will reduce disease incidence without the need to reduce wild animal populations, while protecting the interests of farmers and restoring ecological balance.