Nigeria faces a complex set of security threats that vary considerably from region to region. The country experiences insurgent violence, armed gang activities, mass abductions, intercommunal conflicts, and organized crime. These problems have remained among the principal challenges for the Nigerian state and society for many years. In response to the current situation, the country's authorities have developed a new national peace policy aimed at taking a systematic approach to addressing accumulated security problems. The initiative must take into account the regional specificity of conflicts, since the methods and causes of violence differ substantially in different parts of the country — from the activities of armed groups in the northeast to banditry and kidnappings in other regions. Experts and observers have mixed assessments of the prospects for the new policy. On one hand, the recognition of the diversity of threats and the attempt to develop a comprehensive approach is viewed as a step in the right direction. On the other hand, doubts persist about whether the stated measures can be implemented in practice, given the scale of the problems and the state's limited resources. Intercommunal conflicts, often linked to competition for land and resources between farmers and herders, remain a separate source of tension. Organized crime and kidnappings for ransom continue to create an atmosphere of instability affecting both the local population and economic activity in the country. The question of whether the new national peace policy will become an effective tool for stabilizing the situation remains open and will depend on the consistency of its implementation on the ground.