The International Space Station orbits at approximately 400 kilometers above Earth, with the Sun serving as its primary energy source. The solar panels power the crew's life support systems, support the daily activities of astronauts, and enable hundreds of scientific research projects whose results are applied both to improve life on Earth and to prepare for future crewed missions to deep space. Over the past five years, NASA specialists have implemented a program to modernize the station's power system by installing new rollout solar arrays (Roll-Out Solar Arrays, ROSA). These panels are more compact and lighter than traditional rigid structures, while providing comparable or even greater power generation. The new batteries were installed on top of existing older panels, which allowed the station's total power capacity to be increased without removing the previous equipment. Increasing power supply is particularly important given the growing number of scientific experiments aboard the station, as well as plans to extend its operational life. The additional capacity enables a wider range of research—from medical and biological experiments to technological developments that could be used in future missions to the Moon and Mars. The modernization of the ISS power system is considered part of NASA's long-term strategy to ensure sustainable station operations and prepare for the next phase of space exploration.