In the Peruvian communities of Kutivirerani and Oviri, located in the Amazon basin, indigenous residents have taken responsibility for protecting their lands from forest fires. The El Niño climate phenomenon has exacerbated dry conditions in the region, leading to an increase in the number and intensity of fires in tropical forests. Local communities, whose territories traditionally depend on the preservation of the forest ecosystem, are organizing their own measures to prevent and extinguish fires. For them, the Amazon represents not only a source of resources but also an integral part of their cultural identity and way of life. The situation is complicated by the dry weather caused by El Niño, which increases the risk of new fire outbreaks and hampers efforts to combat existing fires. Indigenous residents are forced to act under conditions of limited resources, relying primarily on their own efforts and traditional knowledge of forest territory management. The problem of forest fires in the Amazon has broader significance, as this region plays an important role in the global climate balance, acting as a major carbon dioxide sink. The efforts of local communities to protect the forest are viewed as part of a larger struggle against the consequences of climate change, affecting not only Peru but the entire South American continent.